Practical Neurotechnology

Wednesday, September 27, 2006

A futurologist talks about the future

Some good blue-sky thinking from BT's "futurologist", which, near as I can tell, is someone who thinks about wonderful things that will be possible in the future without worrying scientifically about how to make them happen :)

ITWALES.COM - Ian Pearson, Futurologist: The ITWales Interview: "DNA is already being used in a test tube to assemble macro electronic circuits - basically shove in a suspension of carbon nano tubes and gold particles, stir in some DNA. You can persuade the DNA to assemble the gold particles onto the end of the carbon nano tubes and make simple circuits. That was demonstrated about two years ago, and the company has gone secret since, as they are now working on developing more sophisticated circuits. The idea is that you do bottom up assembly which is the next generation of chip assembly by using DNA and protein clusters to basically grab the stuff and stick it together using clever chemistry. The key point is that you can do this with DNA.

We were thinking, one of the good ways of doing this is spending billions of pounds for a real live bacterium - e-coli, or something you find in yoghurt - and you don't modify it so much that it can't survive because you want it to replicate, but you modify it so that it creates electronic circuits within its' own cells. That's really good fun then, because you've got electronic bacteria - real live bacterium which can replicate with electronics in it. The electronics have nothing to do with the bacteria, they are just there, but they turn it into 'smart bacteria', because you can then connect those electronics together using infrared or bioluminescence and make completely scalable electronic circuits. So you start off with one bacterium, which is essentially a module, and you link billions of these together and you've got something that makes your PC look pretty primitive. You've got a 'smart yoghurt' by about 2025, and we did the calculations, and we reckon that it's possible to make a yoghurt with roughly the same processing power as the entire European population."

The great thing about this sort of open-ended imagining -- despite whatever we might say about its accuracy or realism -- is that it's full of good potential ideas for technology we might want to see someday, which leads us to new ideas for research today that will help take us there. This guy is thinking in the right direction in anticipating the importance of hybrid bioelectronic systems, and he has some very good comments on the use of bacterial computers, biologically-grown microchips assembled via DNA, and ultra-cheap, ultra-simple computers.

As scientists, we are very directly concerned with how to get from today's technology to tomorrow's, even if it requires lots of fundamental research, so the article is worth a read to provide ideas for potential research and its potential impact.

Wednesday, September 20, 2006

LiveScience.com - Fish Explores Land with Robotic Device

LiveScience.com - Fish Explores Land with Robotic Device

Here's the question. What happens if you raise the fish in this environment from birth -- does it learn to behave differently than a fish in their usual environments? Suppose we used a rat instead of a fish, since a fish can't see much outside the bowl?

How do rats raised inside those clear hamster-balls differ from regular rats?

Saturday, September 16, 2006

Bionic arms in the news again

Bionic arms turn science fiction to fact

The current state-of-the-art in prostheses, by Chicago Rehab Institute.

Friday, September 08, 2006

News in Science - Woman in coma plays tennis - 08/09/2006

News in Science - Woman in coma plays tennis - 08/09/2006:

"Brain scans of a woman who has been in a vegetative state for five months show her imagining playing tennis and responding to commands, researchers report..."

The big question is whether or not this is a conscious or an automatic response. Another question, coming from the comments on this article -- can this be used for binary communication with the patient by asking her to imagine different things for yes or no?

A professor in Peru once wrote me to emphasize the importance of my EEG work because he felt it could be used in communication with comatose patients. Perhaps his suggestion is actually right?

The New Atlantis - The Age of Neuroelectronics - Adam Keiper

The New Atlantis - The Age of Neuroelectronics - Adam Keiper

Excellent and lengthy article on the history and future of work in this field.

Wednesday, September 06, 2006

fMRI used to detect single-word thought

A team in Maryland was able to use fMRI to identify activity in Broca's region associated with thinking a single word. No mention of whether or not the activity was unique to the word chosen (I suspect not).

http://www.technologyreview.com/read_article.aspx?id=17458&ch=biotech

Friday, September 01, 2006

Wheelchair moves at the speed of thought

Wheelchair moves at the speed of thought

EEG, 8 electrodes(!), multi-state recognition. Quite good. Used for robotic control.